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Deep
hard rock underground mining
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Operation
A permanent underground installation of seismometers
communicates with the seismic
controller located on surface for real-time seismic monitoring
of the rock mass. A GPS timing module is used so that recorded seismic
data may be integrated with seismic data from another nearby system
for information about regional seismic events.
Communications
The RS485 protocol is used here to minimise cabling
costs. With this approach multiple GS
data acquisition units can be daisy-chained together with inexpensive
2-core twisted pair copper cable. Repeaters must be used if the
distance between any two nodes exceeds 1.2km. Each link can support
up to 10 GS units, with the modem rack providing the appropriate
number of links.
Seismic Sensors
Each GS data acquisition unit can monitor and
pre-process up to six seismic signals, in any combination of uni-,
bi- or tri-axial seismic sensors.
For each seismic channel up to 3 logical
channels may be extracted with GS technology. Both geophones
and accelerometers (piezoelectric and Force-Balance) are currently
supported.
Seismic Data Processing & Interpretation
The seismograms of every seismic event that
triggers multiple stations are transmitted to the seismic
controller and recorded on a user-specific computer on the Local
Area Network (LAN). The seismic event is automatically processed
and seismic source parameters including the location, time, radiated
seismic energy and co-seismic inelastic deformation are automatically
calculated. This data is confirmed later by manual processing with
the software packages JMTS running
on either Microsoft Windows or Linux computer. Spatial and temporal
trends may then be detected and analysed using the interpretation
packages Jdi.
This page last updated: January
2007
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